Serial Key Europa Universalis 4 Wiki

17.09.2019
  1. Serial Key Europa Universalis 4 Wikipedia

1 Cradle of Civilization; 2 Third Rome; 3 Mandate of Heaven; 4 Rights of Man; 5 Mare Nostrum; 6 The Cossacks; 7 Common Sense; 8 El Dorado; 9 Art of War; 10 Res Publica; 11 Wealth of Nations; 12 Conquest of Paradise; 13 Base game; 14 Videos. Statistical Techniques Statistical Mechanics. Free Europa Universalis 3 Key. By Wuddel August 30, 2013 4 Comments. Left-over from the Humble Bundle. Comment if you grab it. 4 Comments Load Comments.

If you like historical strategy games and you haven’t played Europa Universalis IV, you’re missing out.

The scope of PC-based grand strategy games is huge – from their roots in the mid-1990s4 All-Time Classic 4X Games To Lose Yourself In4 All-Time Classic 4X Games To Lose Yourself InIf you are looking for a little more than just pointing and shooting or mindlessly blowing through hordes of enemies, strategy games, and specifically those of the 4X variety, are perfect for you.Read More, the games have developed to become all-encompassing behemoths that allow players to control every aspect of a nations development and fortunes.

The current foremost developer in the genre is undoubtedly Paradox Interactive, and Europa Universalis IV (EU4) is their latest and greatest title. Since being released in August 2013 the game has received widespread praise from critics and gamers alike, which is reflected in its Metacritic score of 87, Gamespot score of 90, and IGN score of 89.

It is the fifth edition in the Europa Universalis series and is designed around a modified version of Crusader Kings II’s graphics engine, making it the most attractive game that Paradox has developed to date. There is an impressive level of detail across the whole map, with the world’s giant mountain ranges, sprawling rainforests, and vast plateaus all faithfully recreated – it looks great regardless of whether you are zoomed all the way in to the minute detail, or zoomed out to a regional or global view.

Premise

EU4 focuses on the time period between 1444 and 1821 – chosen as the years of Ottoman Turks’ victory in the Battle of Varna and the year of Napoleon’s death respectively. The four centuries in-between cover the era of European expansion into the New World, giving gamers the choice of hundreds of playable nations, from mighty colonial powers to small African tribes, and from roaming Asian hordes to New World civilizations.

Players are free to choose their own path through the game. With skilled use of military alliances, trade partnerships, royal weddings, and technological advancements, the game allows any number of historical scenarios to unfurl. Whether you want to faithfully recreate the British and Spanish global conquests using naval power, make the Mayans rule South America through religious unity, or turn the Indonesians into a world power through careful diplomacy, it is all possible.

Gameplay

Trade forms a key part of the game, as it should in any quality grand strategy title. In EU4 it is based around the concept of ‘trade nodes’ which nations compete for control over. Players use merchants to either collect the trade for a given node, or forward to a node over which they have more control.

Alliances form another key part of gameplay. Whilst the powers of Western Europe have the strength and wealth to steamroller everything in their path, other nations and territories are required to take a more nuanced approach. You need to choose your friends carefully, an alliance with a powerful nation can help protect you from threats, but also leave you open to attack from your ally’s sworn enemies. You have been warned!

Expansion of your territory happens in many ways. Alongside the obvious military conquest, players can take new lands and vassalizing weaker nations, inheriting lands through royal marriage, or colonising new provinces that are as yet unclaimed by any nation. Balancing the different methods is a challenge – too many forced annexations through military power will cause your neighbours to become unhappy at your perceived aggressive expansion, and potentially form a coalition against you. On the other hand, never taking your forces into battle will result in your army and navy losing its tradition and being less effective when they are needed for defensive purposes.

The tech tree has been overhauled from Europa Universalis III. Your nation is still allocated a tech group that is correspondent with its geographical region, but advancement through the system is now based on amassing diplomatic, military, and administration points from in-game events and actions. In addition to the 3 categories, each nation also has the choice of eight ‘ideas groups’ – these are highly specialized technologies which enable your state to excel in the areas which you plan to take it. They include religious, innovative, and plutocratic concepts.

Multiplayer forms another important component of the enjoyment of EU4. The developer recommends not having more than 12 players on an Internet-based game, though 32 players are supported on a LAN. The game provides both ‘hot-joining’ and ‘takeover’, meaning you can join a game that’s already in progress, or leave a game without disrupting the other players.

Converting Saves

For those that already own one of Paradox’s other games, one of the most intriguing aspects of the game is the ability to convert your saves and load them into the other titles.

Theoretically, this means you start a new game during the Middle Ages in Crusader Kings II, and take your nation right through to 1948 via EU4, Victoria II and Hearts of Iron III – encompassing colonial expansion, the industrial revolution and World War II along the way.

Expansions, Mods and Community

Paradox Interactive are known for regularly releasing expansion packs for all their titles, and have already released the ‘Conquest of Paradise’ add-on, which introduces new events, ideas and buildings for the New World civilizations. Their second expansion, titled ‘Wealth of Nations is scheduled for release in the coming months, and is expected to build upon the trading aspect of the game.

A thriving modding community exists – a visit to the EU4 Wiki page will guide you through the main choices. Options include everything from tweaking the gameplay and altering the trade routes to reintroducing the Roman Empire and changing the start year.

Reddit also has a large Europa Universalis community, which has discussions on everything from after action reports to tips and advice.

Finally, for those new to the game, the YouTube series of videos by Arumba07 is a popular 39-part guide to all the facets of the game.

System Requirements and Availability

The game has Windows, Mac and Linux editions, and requires at least 2GB of RAM. It is available for purchase on Steam for $39.99, as are the expansion packs and other downloadable content.

Conclusion

The game has taken the grand strategy genre and moved it into a new era, leaving behind the old indie classics5 Classic Indie Strategy Games You Must Play [MUO Gaming]5 Classic Indie Strategy Games You Must Play [MUO Gaming]Strategy games have a long history that dates back to the very first game consoles and even arcade games (such as Rampart). As with any other genre, most of the games produced have been developed...Read More. If you have played and enjoyed anything from the Civilization or Age of Empires series you are certain to love this game (incidentally, we covered ways you can play Civ for freePlay The Civilization Game For Free With FreeCivPlay The Civilization Game For Free With FreeCivRead More, and an open source version of is AoEBuild An Empire With Age Of Empires Online - Free to Play!Build An Empire With Age Of Empires Online - Free to Play!True gamers among us will likely have fond memories of the original Age of Empires game released by Microsoft Studios back in 1997, and it was a regular at many of my own LAN parties....Read More as well).

If you do heed my advice and buy the game, ensure that you stock up on frozen pizzas beforehand – Europa Universalis IV is highly addictive and is unquestionably the finest game of its genre that is available today.

  1. So this does not have in-game army war? Or can this be toggled in the options?

    More like Total War minus in-game wars.

    • Total War map mode is simplistic and uninteresting in comparisson.

      The battles are the main appeal of TW games, but I personally just mind them to be a needless hassle. The AI is too dumb to put up a proper fight so it all just becomes a needless grind. There is no grand strategy involved.

      Imo, TW is just EU lite with 3d battles tacked on.

    • You probably have never played any Paradox game,If you asked this.No there isn't 'in-game wars'

      Also TW franchise is casual/arcade compared to EU IV or any Paradox title.While EU IV put emphasize on warfare it's not warfare type of game.In short read this and decide whatever or not is this type of game for you (although I can see clearly it's not ):
      '
      What this Game is not

      This is not a pure wargame. For players looking to simply send their forces off into heroic combat without worry or care of long-term consequences, you will be sorely disappointed. Although there is a great deal of emphasis put upon the military side of things in EU4, there is a lot more that needs to be managed. If you just rush blindly into wars, you will find your regiments shattered, your economy bankrupt, and your neighbors collectively enraged. Even the most bellicose of rulers must pay heed to the finesse of diplomacy, and the pragmatism of economics.

      This is not a roleplaying game. There will not be heart-to-heart chats with your advisors, and you will not see rival heads of state looking to engage you in dialogue. Though you can have royal marriages between your country and the ruling dynasty of another, it is mostly an abstract decision. Don't expect to see any sort of romantic interludes.

      This is not a tactical combat simulator. Though there is a battle interface, where you can see the your forces engaging the enemy, you can't really control your troops on the field. The game is focused on strategic decision-making, not battlefield command.

      This is not a turn-by-turn game. The calendar ticks away equally for all nations of the world. Yet because the game can be paused and the passage of time can be controlled, it is not precisely correct to call it a Real Time Strategy (RTS) game either.

      This is not a quick-binge game. Even playing on the highest speed, most games that go from 1444 to 1821 will last about 12 cumulative hours, this is not a game you can quickly boot up, play for 10 minutes and finish.

      This is not a Civilization game. Many people that are unfamiliar with Paradox Interactive games will often try to connect this game to Civilization, but that is simply not the case, about the only thing that both games have in common is that you play as an ageless benevolent (or malevolent) being that controls the lives of whoever you choose, but the similarities pretty much end there. Both games are good in their own right, and people like them for different reasons, but drawing a comparison is quite pointless. '

Serial Key Europa Universalis 4 Wikipedia

Europa Universalis IV
Developer(s)Paradox Development Studio
Publisher(s)Paradox Interactive
Director(s)Jake Leiper-Ritchie
Producer(s)Linda Kiby
Designer(s)Johan Andersson
Programmer(s)Niklas Strid
Artist(s)Fredrik Toll
Composer(s)Andreas Waldetoft
EngineClausewitz Engine
Platform(s)Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux[1]
Release
Genre(s)Grand strategy
Mode(s)Single-player, multiplayer

Europa Universalis IV is a grand strategyvideo game in the Europa Universalis series, developed by Paradox Development Studio[2][3] and published by Paradox Interactive.[4] The game was released on 13 August 2013.[5] It is a strategy game where players can control a nation from the Late Middle Ages through the Early modern period (1444 to 1821 AD),[6] conducting trade, administration, diplomacy, colonization and warfare.

  • 3Expansions and mods
  • 4Reception

Gameplay[edit]

The game has been formed to begin historically, with real events occurring in real time. The game itself is an interactive map of Earth divided into the provinces that compose nations. Each of these provinces contribute to their country either positively or negatively, as provinces can both provide resources to a nation and serve as a point of unrest and rebellion. The gameplay requires the player to lead a nation by finding a balance of military, diplomacy and economy. The player does so through their choices as sovereign of their nation, and through the spending of resources available to them: Prestige, Stability, Gold (Ducats), Manpower, Legitimacy for Monarchies, Republican Tradition for Republics, Devotion for Theocracies, Horde Unity for Hordes and Monarch Power (Administrative, Diplomatic, Military).

Players can choose to conquer the world by military might, become a colonial superpower, establish trade dominance, etc as hundreds of different nations. These nations range alphabetically from Aachen to Zuni. [7]The game is a sandbox environment, and while there is no strict rule on winning the game, a loss occurs when the player's nation is removed, or annexed, from the map. Diplomacy is a large aspect of the game, as creating alliances, (or vassal states, and tributaries), improving opinions, and preventing defensive coalitions are vital to a player’s survival. Espionage can also be employed against enemy states in order to claim their territory, or incite rebellion in their provinces, along with other dubious ends. Combat can be waged on both land and sea, during which the game attempts to simulate real world factors such as morale, discipline, varying unit types with associated strengths and weaknesses, competency of leaders, terrain and supply lines.

Many major religions are present in the game and can provide distinct bonuses to their practitioners. Players can employ missionaries to convert their provinces or can engage in policies of universal religious freedom. For example, the Catholic faith makes use of the Papacy, which can allow a nation to have control over the Pope or to use their influence for other rewards. Technological advancements are invested in over time, and will require the expense of monarch points.

  • Administrative technologies unlocks advancements such as increased productivity, new forms of government, new buildings, and the national idea system.
  • Diplomatic technology unlocks advancements such as naval units, improvements in trade, new buildings, and improved colonial expansion.
  • Military technology unlocks advancements such as new types of land units, improved unit morale, combat tactics, and new buildings.

Gameplay is influenced by random events that arise every so often for the player. These events can be either helpful or harmful. Some of these random events are driven by an individual country's history, while some can apply to any country and serve generally to enhance the 'flavor' of the game. Players can choose to play single player mode versus the AI, or multiplayer over a LAN or the Internet against a mix of human and AI opponents. Single player also has the option of 'Ironman' mode, which locks several settings such as difficulty, and removes the control of saving the game from the player. This means that any mistakes are irreversible. It is, however, the only way to receive any of the game's many achievements.

Development[edit]

Early design discussions for Europa Universalis 4 began shortly after the December 2010 release of Divine Wind, the final DLC for Europa Universalis 3[8] with development, based on the Clausewitz Engine, beginning in earnest in about September 2011.[9] It was first announced to the public in August 2012, to coincide with a showing at that year's Gamescom,[10] after having been teased under the codename of 'Project Truman'.[11]

Throughout the game's development, Paradox Development Studio released weekly 'developer diaries' via their online forums, in which they detailed some feature of the game's development.[12] These included information about design philosophy, game mechanics that were being implemented, and features from Europa Universalis 3 that were being removed.

During its development, Europa Universalis 4 also had a greater priority given to stability and quality control than had previous games in the series. There had previously been a perception that Paradox's games were not worth buying until several updates or expansions had fixed stability issues. Studio CEO, Fred Wester described this perception as being like 'a slap in the face', motivating them to improve.[13] Another of Paradox's major goals was to retain the depth and complexity of their earlier grand strategy games, while making them easier for a player to interact with.[14]

Prior to release, a preview version of the game was showcased through let's plays[15] and via a multiplayer event for journalists.[16]. A playable demo of the game was released on Steam on 9 August 2013 with the game itself being released on 13 August.[14]

Following its release, development of the game has continued under the same model that Paradox had previously used successfully for Crusader Kings 2, with paid DLCs being released alongside, and helping to fund, additional free patches which add more features to the base game.[17][18] As of December 2018, fifteen expansions have been released for the game alongside many minor DLCs offering additional graphical or musical options.[19]

In October 2017, Jake Leiper-Ritchie took over from Johan Andersson as the game's director.[20]

Expansions and mods[edit]

A number of DLCs have been released for the game.

All DLCs are optional and may be applied to the base game in any combination. The largest DLCs come in the form of expansions, which significantly alter the mechanics and features of the game. There are also flavor packs (which add new events and minor mechanics, usually specific to one nation), music packs (which add more backing music) and cosmetic packs (which affect unit models, portraits, and the map). There are also three e-books which have no impact on the game itself, but coincided with the release of expansions.

Expansions are often accompanied by coinciding free patches to the game, which may adjust existing mechanics or add new ones in the theme of the expansion.

NameRelease dateDescription
Conquest of Paradise11 January 2014Conquest of Paradise focuses on the New World. It adds an expansion to the mechanics of tribal nations, most prominently Native American ones. It also adds a random new world generator which randomizes the landscape of North and South America. The accompanying 1.5 patch also added colonial regions, protectorates and new starting nations as well as many other small additions and fixes.[21]
Wealth of Nations29 May 2014Wealth of Nations, named after the book by Adam Smith, includes new mechanics for trade and merchant republics. The most prominent additions also include trade companies, privateering, and construction of the Suez, Panama, and Kiel canals. The accompanying 1.6 patch included a new rival system, policies, and extra ship designs.[22][23]
Res Publica16 July 2014Res Publica, translated as 'public affair' in Latin, is the root of the word republic. It focuses on governance and trade. New mechanics pertaining to elections are introduced, along with election events for the Dutch republics and a national focus. The Republican Dictatorship form of government is also included. The accompanying 1.7 patch included extra idea groups and Merchant Republic factions.[24]
Art of War30 October 2014Art of War, named after the book by Sun Tzu, focuses on military mechanics. It expands on the Thirty Years' War and the Napoleonic era, improves diplomacy (especially surrounding conflict and peace treaties), expands vassal mechanics and adds new options for waging war. The accompanying 1.9 patch amongst other things overhauled rebel mechanics, improved the map and added large interface, AI and gameplay improvements. The map improvements increased the number of provinces on the game map, in regions which previously lacked detail, such as Asia and Africa.[25]
El Dorado26 February 2015El Dorado, named after the mythical El Dorado, improves largely on the nations of Central and South America. This includes Nahuatl, Inti and Mayan religions, a 'doom counter' for the Central American tribes, improved mechanics and added events. Exploration and colonisation of these areas is also expanded upon - for example, the Treaty of Tordesillas is added and conquistadors can explore into terra incognita to search for the Seven Cities of Gold. A custom nation designer is included. The accompanying 1.11 patch included new events for South and Central America, improved terrain and general improvements to gameplay.[26]
Common Sense9 June 2015Common Sense, named after the famous pamphlet written by Thomas Paine, focuses on diplomacy, religion and internal development. New religious gameplay is added, focusing on Protestants and Buddhists. Parliaments are added, and a special parliamentary government is granted to England. The coinciding 1.13 patch included new religions, improvements to the peace system and a reworking of the fort system. The number of building slots were also decreased, but the existing ones made more powerful.
The Cossacks1 December 2015The Cossacks, named after the Cossacks of Ukraine, Poland, and Russia, adds additional diplomacy options and a wide variety of internal politics for peacetime. Primarily this is represented through the 'Estate' system, which allows provinces to be assigned noble landholders, the church, burghers, and more in return for various bonuses and modifiers. Additionally, The Cossacks adds mechanics for horde government types and adds mechanics to the Tengri religion.[27]
Mare Nostrum5 April 2016Mare Nostrum, translated as 'Our Sea' in Latin, was the Roman name for the Mediterranean Sea. As its name suggests, this expansion introduces new content connected to naval warfare, trade and espionage. Now one can put ships on a naval blockade mission or on a hunting naval mission. One can also create trade leagues, offer Condottieri to other countries to fight and a new timeline feature where one can at any point through the campaign click it and watch how the world has evolved throughout the game. The accompanying 1.16 patch made significant changes to espionage, added new map modes, two new systems for states, territories, and corruption, as well as various new provinces for Ireland and Africa.[28]
Rights of Man11 October 2016Rights of Man was released along with the 1.18 'Prussia' patch. The DLC and patch included a new Great Powers system where the eight most powerful nations were listed as 'Great Powers' and could access new diplomatic features such as making minor nations break their alliances with other Great Powers. The patch also included new governments for Prussia and the Ottoman Empire, and a massive reworking of the technology system called the Institutions, which add penalties to any nation which hasn't embraced a given institution (such as Feudalism, Renaissance, etc.), and made the process of 'westernization' obsolete.[29]
Mandate of Heaven6 April 2017Mandate of Heaven, named after the ancient Chinesepolitical concept, focuses on improving the East Asian region and contains new mechanics for Ming China, along with the ability of surrounding states to claim the title of the Chinese Emperor. There are also new Chinese meritocracy mechanics, the ability of Manchu tribes to raise banners, and a new Japaneseshogunate system with events that allow Japan to become more isolationist or open in character. Outside of East Asia, there are now 'Ages' that focus gameplay on distinct historical periods in the Early Modern era, including Ages focusing on the European discovery and colonization of the Americas, the Protestant Reformation and religious conflict in Europe, French-style political absolutism, and the 18th century revolutions occurring in France and the Americas. The free 'Ming' 1.20 patch includes a new absolutism mechanic along with a province devastation feature.[30]
Third Rome14 June 2017Third Rome focuses on the Russian nations, Orthodox religion and Siberian territories. It also introduces new ranks of Russian government along with new abilities. One of the main features the DLC adds is Siberian Frontier Russian nations can slowly colonize uninhabited border regions, with no fear of native uprisings.. This feature is only available for countries in the Russian territories. Third Rome was released along with the free 1.22 'Russia' patch.[31]
Cradle of Civilization6 November 2017Cradle of Civilization revamps the Middle East region by adding new provinces, countries and events, in addition to new trade policies and army drilling.[32]
Rule Britannia20 March 2018Rule Britannia is named after Thomas Arne's Rule, Britannia![33] It was released together with the free 1.25 update, which adds provinces to Ireland, England, Northern France, and the Low Countries. The DLC adds a new religion, Anglicanism, new missions, knowledge sharing, naval doctrines, the ability to develop coal and many other features.[34]
Dharma6 September 2018Dharma was released with the free 1.26 Mughals update[35]. Dharma adds government reforms, a reworked policy system and new features relating to South Asia, trade companies and estates.
Golden Century11 December 2018Golden Century was released on 11 December 2018[36]. This expansion focuses on Iberia, the Maghreb, Central America, and colonization.
Unannounced content2020The new expansion is going to focus on Europe and feature a large-scale mercenary rework, touches on Catholicism and the Holy Roman Empire and include extensive map changes from France to the Balkans.[37]

Mods[edit]

Aside from the official expansion packs, third-party mods are available on sites such as the Steam Workshop.[38] The mods can change the game's setting, add or remove features and game mechanics, and make graphical improvements. Popular mods include 'Extended Timeline', which expands the game's scope from 2 AD to the year 9999, the Game of Thrones adaptation 'A Song of Ice and Fire,' and complete overhauls such as 'MEIOU & Taxes'.[39]

Reception[edit]

Reception
Aggregate score
AggregatorScore
Metacritic87/100[40]
Review scores
PublicationScore
Destructoid95/100[41]
GameSpot90/100[42]
IGN8.9/10[43]
PC Gamer (US)91/100[44]

Critical reception[edit]

Europa Universalis IV was met with generally favourable reviews, receiving a score of 87/100 on aggregate website Metacritic. Critics praised the improvements from Europa Universalis III, especially the new mechanics and graphics.[45][46] T.J. Hafer of PC Gamer described the game as an 'engrossing simulation that conquers the common ground between your average Civilization V player and the long-time devotees of grand strategy'.[47] Negative feedback focused on the tutorials, combat mechanics and bugs. Nicholas Pellegatta acknowledged these bugs and other issues were likely to be addressed in later patches and expansions.[48]

In 2013 Europa Universalis IV won the 'Golden Horseshoe' award in the category of 'Game of the Year' on the Polish website gikz.pl.[49] It also won 'Best Strategy' and 'Best Historical' in Game Debate's 2013 awards.[50]

Sales[edit]

As of February 2014, Europa Universalis IV had sold over 300,000 copies.[51] By January 2016, over 900,000 games were registered on Steam.[52] As of 21 June 2016, over 1 million copies have been sold.[53]

Pricing adjustments[edit]

In May 2017, Paradox Interactive normalized the prices of the game worldwide and its other products to account for the games being cheaper than intended in many non-western nations, just weeks before the annual summer Steam sale. This has led to massive backlash and boycotts by people from the affected nations, including a massive increase in negative user reviews on Steam in the following weeks.[54] On 22 June 2017 Paradox CEO, Fredrik Wester, announced that the prices would be returned to previous levels after the Steam summer sale and claimed they would try to reimburse anyone who bought their products during the time of the price adjustment.[55][56]

Spin-offs[edit]

In May 2014, Paradox released a book, Europa Universalis IV: What If? the Anthology of Alternate History, a collection of short stories inspired by the game and its time period, including one by Harry Turtledove.[57] The book was released as an ebook, as DLC for the game[58], and as a physical edition (ISBN978-9187687440).

In May 2018, at their PDXCon convention, Paradox announced that board games were being developed based upon four of their franchises, stating that they were on a 'mission to expand the IP.'[59] The Europa Universalis game is being designed by Eivind Vetlesen of Aegir Games, with Jonathan Bolding of PC Gamer describing a preview version as 'something between a high player count Twilight Imperium and A Game of Thrones with a dash of Napoleon in Europe'.[60]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Serial key europa universalis 4 wikipedia
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  6. ^'How Paradox's Crusader Kings II to Europa Universalis IV save converter will work'. PC Gamer. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
  7. ^'Countries'.
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  16. ^Smith, Adam (31 May 2013). 'The End Of Days: Europa Universalis IV Diary Part On'. Rock, Paper, Shotgun.
  17. ^'Europa Universalis IV: Conquest of Paradise expansion– Developer diary 1'. Paradox Interactive Forums. 4 November 2013.
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  53. ^'Paradox Interactive Announces Grand Successes for Grand Strategy Titles' (Press release). Stockholm: Paradox Interactive. 21 June 2016. Archived from the original on 30 September 2017.
  54. ^'Price Increase'. ParadoxPlaza.com. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  55. ^'Price Increase CEO Response'. ParadoxPlaza.com. 22 June 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  56. ^Chalk, Andy (22 June 2017). 'Paradox Interactive rolls back its price increases, will give refunds to purchasers'. PC Gamer. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  57. ^'Europa Universalis IV Anthology of Alternate History is now released!'. Paradox Interactive Forums. 20 May 2014.
  58. ^'Europa Universalis IV: Anthology of Alternate History'. Steam.
  59. ^Bolding, Jonathan (19 May 2018). 'Paradox board games are coming: Europa Universalis, Crusader Kings, and more'. PC Gamer.
  60. ^Bolding, Jonathan (8 June 2018). 'The Europa Universalis board game is shaping up to be a monster'. PC Gamer.

External links[edit]

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